Java Journal Land

  Continue and Break Instructions in Java   1. Continue Statement: The "continue" statement serves as a control tool for loops. When applied, it allows you to skip the current iteration of the loop and proceed directly to the next one, enhancing code efficiency by avoiding unnecessary operations. 2. Break Statement: The "break" statement acts as an exit mechanism within loops, offering immediate termination regardless of whether the loop's defined condition has been met. It's a valuable tool to have precise control over loop execution.    

What Are Java Labels?   Labels in Java are identifiers used to mark a specific point within code blocks. When dealing with nested loops, labels help you control which loop you exit from or continue within.  They work with break and continue statements to give you more control over your loops. myLabel: // This is a label for ( int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { for ( int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { if (j == 1) { break myLabel; // Exits the outer loop } System.out.println ( "i: " + i + ", j: " + j ); } } Labels make your code clearer when you have complex loops. They let you exit or skip multiple loops at once, making your code easier to read and debug. They offer better control over nested loops. Keep them in mind for those tricky scenarios.

Definition A functional interface in Java must have exactly one abstract method and may have other default or static methods. Example @FunctionalInterface public interface Calculator {    int add ( int a, int b );    default void log ( String message ) {      System.out.println ( "Log: " + message );   }    static void showResult ( int result ) {      System.out.println ( "Result: " + result );   } } // Using Lambda Calculator calculator = ( a, b ) -> a + b ; int result = calculator.add ( 5, 3 ); Calculator.showResult ( result );   A default method in an interface offers a built-in implementation that can be replaced by any class using it. This feature is exclusive to interfaces.

In Java, each primitive data type has a default value automatically assigned when declaring an uninitialized variable.   Understanding these default values is essential to prevent runtime errors. Below is a table summarizing this information.   Data Type Default Value byte 0 char '\u0000' short 0 int 0 float 0.0f long 0L double 0.0d

Quick Reminder:   Java's primitive types and their sizes : Data Type Size char 2 bytes (16 bits) short 2 bytes (16 bits) int 4 bytes (32 bits) float 4 bytes (32 bits) long 8 bytes (64 bits) double 8 bytes (64 bits)

If you have been programming in Java for a while, you have probably encountered NullPointerExceptions at some point. NullPointerExceptions occur when you try to call a method or access a variable on a null object reference.  In this article, we will discuss a common cause of NullPointerException and how to avoid it. Consider the following code: !foundEmployeeFromAPI.getFirstName().isEmpty() && !foundEmployeeFromAPI.getFirstName() == null This code is checking whether the firstName field of the foundEmployeeFromAPI object is not empty and not null. However, if the firstName field is null, then we will have a NullPointerException in Java. This is because we are calling the isEmpty() method on a null object reference. To avoid this issue, we should first check if the object reference is not null before checking if it is empty. Here is the corrected line of code: foundEmployeeFromAPI.getFirstName() != null && !foundEmployeeFromAPI.getFirstName().isEmpty() To summarize...

Circular Dependency Warning in IntelliJ with Maven in a Java Web Project : When working with a Java web project using Maven, you may encounter a circular dependency warning in IntelliJ. This can happen when a module depends on another module that also depends on the first module, creating a loop. The warning indicates that adding a new dependency may create a circular dependency and lead to a build failure. To solve this issue, you can try several solutions :  Split your project into smaller modules with clear responsibilities. This can help you identify and manage dependencies more effectively. For example, you can move the HrRestApiConnectionException class to a separate module and then include that module as a dependency in the modules that need it. Use Maven exclusions: Another way to solve circular dependency issues is to use Maven exclusions to remove unnecessary dependencies. You can specify the dependencies that you want to exclude from your module in the pom.xml file. For...